Features of parameter formation when comparing the efficiency of passenger elevators electric drives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15276/opu.1.71.2025.15Keywords:
passenger elevators, energy efficiency of drives, electric drives, energy consumption of elevatorsAbstract
The current situation in the elevator industry in the housing and communal sector is a rather important and urgent problem. Most of the machines in the existing fleet have already worked out their resource by 60% or more. There was conducted an analysis of the current state of the passenger elevator fleet, both in residential buildings and in various types buildings of the communal and residential sector. It was found that conclusions regarding a significant increase in the energy efficiency of new types electric drives are often made on the basis of their comparison with technologically outdated winches with two-speed motors and worm gearboxes. It was determined that technical solutions are implemented at the expense of several compromises, namely: increasing the multiplicity of the pulley block; abandoning the counterweight; increasing the length of the ropes with a small cross-sectional area. It was proved that for an objective technical and economic comparison of elevator electric drives when a lack of data on their design characteristics, the correct application of both new and existing assessment methods is necessary. It is shown that before conducting a feasibility study, it is necessary to collect statistical data on the operation of both the elevator properly and its main systems. All parameters subject to analysis are divided into general, parameters of the lifting mechanism and electric drive. From practical experience, it is shown that the technical and economic features of the elevator electric drive largely depend on the presence or absence of a reducer, the winch type and the control system used, as well as on these elements’ operating modes. Based on the selected mathematical models of the elevator operation in specific conditions, optimal diagrams of the movement of at different distances of its movement were obtained, as well as calculated kinematic diagrams of the elevator car lifting mechanisms of elevators with direct suspension and with polyspast suspension. The parameters of the elements of a typical elevator lifting installation and static forces on the rim of the rope-driving pulley and load moments during lifting depending on the stop number were also determined. The obtained research results allow further identifying the main variants of popular elevator systems that are subject to technical and economic comparison and differ in design.
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