Purification of fuel fractions of petroleum products from sulfur compounds

Abstract

Significant damage to the environment causes burning of motor fuels. One of the most urgent problems for oil refineries around the world is the reduction of sulfur content, which directly affects the emission of sulfur oxides. The need for environmental protection has led to a sharp increase in requirements for the environmental properties of automotive fuels, especially the content of sulfur in them. Sulfur combustion products poison the catalysts of the burning of products of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons – carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, while emissions to the atmosphere of sulfur oxides when sulfur fuels are burned out cause acid rain falls. In addition, compounds of sulfur, present in the fractions of the direct race of oil, worsen a number of operational properties of motor fuels, so modern fuel technologies provide for the mandatory purification of these fractions from sulfur. In Europe, the emission limit value for exhaust gases, which is EURO-5 – 10 mg/kg. For the removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon fractions of primary oil refining, the most common method is the catalytic hydrotreatment, based on catalytic hydrogenation of hydrogen sulfide compounds at high pressure and temperature. At the same time, organic compounds of sulfur are destroyed to hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide, the latter is separated from petroleum products. Destruction of organosilicon compounds can be avoided if oxidation methods are used for dehydration, and oxidized sulfur compounds can be used in various sectors of the national economy. The theme of this work is the purification of diesel fuels from sulfur compounds by oxidized methods.