Preparation of silver nanoparticles under the action of a plasma discharge and their antimicrobial properties: formation of clusters and silver particles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15276/opu.3.56.2018.08Keywords:
nanoparticles, silver, plasma, quantum-chemical calculation, clusters, thermodynamic potential, antimicrobial activityAbstract
The obtaining of aqueous solutions of silver nanoparticles using a discharge of contact nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma is considered. The aim is to study the formation of clusters and silver particles in aqueous solutions under plasma discharge. The method of quantum mechanics, namely the theory of density functional, was used to determine the thermodynamic values of the formation of clusters of silver. The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of silver nanoparticles was calculated according to the Nernst equation. The investigations were carried out in a gas-liquid batch reactor with volume of 100 ml. The reactor pressure was 80±4 kPa. The current was maintained at 120±6 mA. The time of treatment was from 10 seconds till 14 minutes. The solutions were prepared by dissolving the argentums nitrate in distilled water with a predetermined ratio. Optical spectra of sols were recorded on the spectrophotometer UV-5800PC in the wavelength range 190…700 nm. Particle size of colloidal solutions was measured by means of the analyzer of particle size Zetasizer Nano-25 (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, England). Applying experimental and theoretical methods it was established that positively charged clusters of Ag4+2 and Ag8+2 structures are thermodynamically most probable and precede the formation of silver nanoparticles under the action of plasma discharge on an aqueous solution of silver nitrate. It was established that in the initial stages (up to 10 sec) the silver clusters of Ag4+2 and Ag8+2 structures with characteristic peaks λmak=265…325 nm are formed in silver nitrate aqueous solution under plasma discharge treated; silver nanoparticles with peaks λmak at 430…440 nm are formed after 10 sec – 7 minutes of processing. The kinetics of chemical transformations in aqueous solutions during plasmа-chemical treatment of aqueous solutions of silver nitrate was studied. It was established that the process of plasmа-chemical formation of silver nanoparticles is a first-order reaction. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles solution in relation to Gram-negative bacteria E. coli test microorganism was determined.
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