Peculiarities of the PV-MD photomodule structure formation during the electrical energy and distillate production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15276/opu.1.67.2023.03Keywords:
hybrid solar collector, method PV-MD, temperature regime, distillate productionAbstract
The operating conditions of the photomodule are largely determined by the thermal regime, which affects the efficiency of electricity generation. The use of a forced cooling system in the photomodule with the implementation of the salt water distillation process allows you to control the thermal regime and obtain an additional product in the form of fresh water. The choice of the method of controlling the cooling process and the mode of its implementation makes it possible to achieve a rational combination of electrical and technological productivity of the photomodule. In this paper, analytical studies of the formation of the temperature field of the absorber of the hybrid solar collector (PV-MD) during cooling due to the evaporation of the heat carrier and recovery of the heat of the formed steam were carried out. The research method makes it possible to analyze the characteristics of the PV-MD collector, namely, the heating temperature of the absorber and coolant, as well as the performance of the distillate system, depending on the structure of the module and its operating conditions. The aim of the work is to develop a method for calculating the thermal performance characteristics of the hybrid solar collector in the conditions of a cascade method of heat and mass transfer of salt solution and distillate and to identify the rational architecture of the device. A complex mathematical model of local analysis of heat and mass exchange processes of a hybrid solar collector for real solar and climatic conditions is used. The analysis of heat and mass transfer in variant conditions showed that the degree of uniformity of the absorber temperature field, which depends on the efficiency of electricity production, when applying the PV-MD method is the same as for the PVT method. Cascade recovery of thermal energy using the PV-MD method for collectors of typical sizes is limited in efficiency to two stages. The generalized dependences for determining the technological productivity of the two-stage PV-MD collector in terms of distillate and absorber temperature when the external operating conditions of the collector change, which can be used to evaluate the efficiency of converting solar energy into a technological product, have been obtained.
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